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1.
Rev. colomb. psicol ; 32(1): 31-40, Jan.-June 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394971

ABSTRACT

Abstract New media creates opportunities to directly measure how adolescents respond to aggressive situations. In this study, we report on SIMA, a simulator of digital chats, created to mimic online aggressive interactions within a conflict situation. Adolescents were invited to be part of a digital chat where all interactions were pre-programmed, except for the participants' interventions, to discuss controversial topics (e.g., animal maltreatment). Two chat members engaged in a conflict programmed to escalate quickly through aggressive insults. Sixth and seventh-grade students (mostly aged 12 to 14; n = 287) from one public school (low SES) and one private school (high SES) participated in the study. Responses to open questions after finishing the chat suggest that the great majority considered that they were taking part in a real online interaction. Aggressive offenses towards other members of the chat were very common. SIMA opens many options for further research about bystander behavior in aggressive online interactions.


Resumen Los nuevos medios de comunicación han creado oportunidades para medir directamente cómo los adolescentes responden a situaciones de agresión. Presentamos a SIMA, un simulador de chats digitales creado para imitar interacciones agresivas en línea en una situación de conflicto. Los adolescentes son invitados a ser parte de un chat digital para discutir temas controversiales (p. ej., maltrato animal). En realidad, las interacciones están todas preprogramadas a excepción de las intervenciones de quienes participan. Dos supuestos miembros del chat tienen un conflicto programado para escalar de forma rápida con insultos agresivos. Participaron estudiantes de sexto y séptimo grado (principalmente de 12 a 14 años; n = 287) de un colegio público (NSE bajo) y uno privado (NSE alto). Las respuestas a preguntas abiertas sugieren que la gran mayoría consideró que estaban participando en una interacción en línea real. Las ofensas agresivas hacia otros miembros del chat fueron muy comunes. SIMA abre muchas opciones para futuras investigaciones sobre el comportamiento de espectadores en interacciones agresivas en línea.

2.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 33: e3338, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385996

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The production of literature with intervention programs was analyzed, applied to team sports. The databases consulted on the subject, in the last 20 years, were the Web of Science, Scielo and PubMed. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines were used with the keywords: team sports and team sports games, associated with the terms: teaching models, sports teaching, teaching-learning-training, pedagogical intervention, tactical-technical performance and cognitive processes, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. After screening with defined criteria, 39 manuscripts were selected to compose the sample. The descriptive analysis showed that the years 2016 and 2018 presented a higher number of publications (17.95% each year); the English language most used in publications (69.24%); football and basketball have comprised the highest number of studies (25.64% and 17.95%, respectively); the teaching programs spanned between 5 and 54 class sessions; the sample of studies with schoolchildren was the most chosen (64.1%); most teaching programs focused on tactics; and the main variables analyzed were tactical knowledge, tactical-technical performance and specific skills. In the production of literature analyzed, there was a tendency in the last 10 years to apply sports teaching programs with tactical approaches and also change and/or add content to these programs, in order to enhance the development of students/athletes. These changes leave open reflections on possible changes in teacher guidance in the praxis in teaching-learning of team sports.


RESUMO Analisou-se a produção da literatura com programas de intervenção, aplicados aos esportes coletivos. As bases de dados consultadas quanto ao tema, nos últimos 20 anos, foram o Web of Science, Scielo e PubMed. Utilizou-se as diretrizes PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) com as palavras-chave: jogo coletivo e jogos esportivos coletivos, associados aos termos: modelos de ensino, ensino do esporte, ensino-aprendizagem-treinamento, intervenção pedagógica, desempenho tático-técnico e processos cognitivos, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Após triagem com critérios definidos, 39 manuscritos foram selecionados para compor a amostra. A análise descritiva apontou que os anos de 2016 e 2018 apresentou maior quantitativo de publicações (17,95% cada ano); a língua inglesa a mais utilizada nas publicações (69,24%); as modalidades futebol e basquetebol compreenderam o maior número de trabalhos (25,64% e 17,95%, respectivamente); os programas de ensino abrangeram entre 5 e 54 sessões de aula; a amostra dos estudos com escolares foi a mais eleita (64,1%); a maioria dos programas de ensino centrou-se na tática; e as principais variáveis analisadas foram conhecimentos táticos, desempenho tático-técnico e habilidades específicas. Na produção de literatura analisada observou-se uma tendência nos últimos 10 anos à aplicação de programas de ensino dos esportes com abordagens táticas e ainda alterar e/ou agregar conteúdos a esses modelos, com o intuito de potencializar o desenvolvimento de alunos/atletas. Essas mudanças deixam abertas as reflexões sobre possíveis alterações de orientação docente na práxis no ensino-aprendizagem dos esportes coletivos.


Subject(s)
Athletic Performance/education , Team Sports , Soccer/education , Sports/education , Students , Teaching/education , Basketball/education , Early Intervention, Educational/methods , Athletes , Mentoring/methods , Systematic Reviews as Topic , Learning
3.
Psicopedagogia ; 37(114): 299-313, set.-dez. 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1155198

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar parte da pesquisa realizada entre os anos de 2013 a 2017 para a tese de doutorado em educação, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, cujo objetivo foi investigar os efeitos de uma intervenção pedagógica construtivista com jogos e construção de possíveis e do necessário em relação à aprendizagem de conteúdos escolares sobre noções espaciais. Para tanto, foi utilizado como principal referencial teórico os estudos de Piaget e Inhelder e Piaget. A pesquisa, apoiada no método clínico-crítico piagetiano, teve a seguinte configuração: antes e depois de um processo de intervenção pedagógica foram realizadas provas operatórias sobre noções espaciais, o possível e o necessário e conceitos espaciais. Além disso, realizamos, antes e depois do processo de intervenção, a aplicação de uma avaliação sobre conteúdos geométricos, mais especificamente atividades que envolviam as noções de Espaço e Forma. Resultados apontaram que o uso do jogo Katamino contribuiu para a construção de possíveis nas estratégias dos estudantes, bem como para a melhoria de seu desempenho em todas as provas realizadas após as intervenções. Concluímos que esses resultados estão relacionados à metodologia utilizada durante as intervenções pedagógicas, em especial, o uso do jogo de regras acompanhado de mediação pedagógica da professora-pesquisadora. Esses dados afirmam a importância do jogo de regras em um contexto educativo, como desencadeador de reflexão nos sujeitos, proporcionando construções significativas do ponto de vista cognitivo.


Current paper presents a section of the research work developed between 2013 and 2017 for a doctoral degree in Education at the Universidade Estadual de Maringá. It investigates the effects of a constructivism pedagogical intervention with games and the construction of the possible and the necessary with regard to the learning of spatial notions. Studies by Piaget and Inhelder and Piaget foregrounded the main theoretical references. The research, based on Piaget´s clinical and critical method, comprised the following design: operatory tests on spatial notions, the possible and the necessary, and spatial concepts were performed prior to and after pedagogical interventions. In addition, we perform before and after to the above question could be given, assessment on geometry, specifically activities on the notions of Space and Form, was performed. Results showed that the use of the game Katamino contributed towards the construction of the possible within the students´ strategies and improvement in all post-evaluation tests. Results are related to the methodology used during pedagogical interventions, especially, the use of games of rules plus teacher-researcher´s pedagogical mediation. Data underline the importance of games of rules within an educational context due to the fact that they trigger thoughts in the agents, providing significant constructions from the cognitive point of view.

4.
Humanidad. med ; 20(1): 124-145, ene.-abr. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1098276

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Se realizó una investigación de desarrollo con enfoque cualitativo en la facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey, durante el período de septiembre 2016 a julio 2018. Se seleccionó como población a los 145 estudiantes de cuarto año de la carrera, tomándose una muestra de 70 alumnos (grupo A), los que representan el 48.27 % del total. A partir del estudio realizado, se pudo constatar el insuficiente tratamiento a las afectaciones emocionales provocadas por las anomalías dentomaxilofaciales en niños y adolescentes, que limita la atención estomatológica integral, como expresión del desempeño profesional del estudiante de Estomatología. Por lo que se valoró la efectividad de un programa de intervención pedagógica para la formación de la competencia orientación psicoeducativa a niños y adolescentes con estas anomalías en estudiantes de Estomatología. El programa propuesto está estructurado en tres fases dedicadas al diagnóstico-motivación, la planificación-acción y a la evaluación. Se corroboró la pertinencia del programa de intervención a través de los talleres de opinión crítica y construcción colectiva; a los fines de favorecer la orientación psicoeducativa en estos grupos etáreos.


ABSTRACT A developed research with qualitive approach was carried out in Dentistry faculty in the Medical College during the period of September 2016 to July 2018. A universe of 145, 4th- course Dentistry students and a sample of 70 students (class A) who reported 48.27 % were selected. From this study on, an insufficient treatment to emotional affections in children and teenagers with dentomaxillofacial anomalies was proved to limit the professional performance in dentistry students. So, the effectiveness of a pedagogical intervention program to educate the psicoeducative orientation competence to children and teenagers was assessed. The proposal is structured in three phases devoted to diagnosis-motivation, planification-action and evaluation. It was corroborated the effectiveness of the intervention program through critical opinion and collective construction workshop in order to favorite psicoeducative orientation in these age groups.

5.
Psicol. teor. pesqui ; 27(3): 291-299, jul.-set. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-600919

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de uma intervenção psicopedagógica na compreensão leitora de alunos de quarta série de uma escola pública do Ensino Fundamental. Participaram duas turmas, com 28 estudantes cada, que foram sorteadas para compor dois grupos: Experimental e Controle. Os estudantes foram avaliados por meio de questionário Informativo, de Escala de Estratégias de Aprendizagem e de Testes Cloze, em três momentos. O Grupo Experimental participou de sete sessões de intervenção recebendo instrução em estratégias de aprendizagem gerais e específicas para a leitura, estímulos à metacognição, apoio motivacional e orientação para estudo. Os resultados mostram progressos em compreensão leitora nos dois grupos, porém os ganhos foram maiores e mais consistentes no Grupo Experimental.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a pedagogical intervention to improve the reading comprehension of fourth grade students of a public primary school. Two classes of 28 students were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The students were assessed during three different moments by means of an informative questionnaire, a Learning Strategies Scale and two cloze tests for reading comprehension. The intervention consisted of seven sessions which included learning strategies instruction, reading strategies instruction, meta-cognition activation, motivational support and study guidance. Results showed improvement in meta-cognition and in reading comprehension in both groups. However, gains were higher and more consistent in the experimental group.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Comprehension , Learning , Psychology, Educational
6.
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions ; : 3-2010.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-104288

ABSTRACT

Resident-as-teacher courses are pretty common in Western medical schools however they are a rarity in Asian and developing countries. The current report is a scholarly analysis of a three day orientation program for senior residents in order to improve their functioning by providing new template either for supplementing basic workshops for faculty or to advocate a change in system. The experience gained by Medical Education Unit of University College of Medical Sciences can be used to conduct training breeding grounds at national or regional levels. Resident as teachers educational interventions need to be designed taking into account their impact on education system.


Subject(s)
Humans , Asian People , Breeding , Developing Countries , Education, Medical , Internship and Residency , Orientation , Schools, Medical , Transfer, Psychology
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